THE INDIAN
OCEAN FROM ADMIRAL ZHENG HE
TO HUB AND SPOKE CONTAINER
MARITIME COMMERCE
Dr Jacques COULARDEAU
& Ivan Eve
Our final and main
objective is to consider the emergence of the Indian Ocean as the center of
21st century maritime container commerce with Sri
Lanka as the hub and Africa
becoming an essential vector.
We
will concentrate on the modern period, the macro-geographic data and situations
in and around the Indian Ocean and on one particular aspect: the development of
the hub-and-spoke model for the network of maritime connections in, around and
beyond the Indian Ocean as for container
commerce.
We
will insist on the hub itself, Sri Lanka, which is presently changing rapidly;
on some of the various harbors around the Indian Ocean and their goods
transportation inland networks, essentially railroads and highways; the
projects in that field, particularly the New Silk Road of the Chinese; the
bottlenecks of the Suez Canal and the Straight of Malacca; and the dead end of
the Persian Gulf, except as the starting point of a hinterland network that
will develop when the wars and insecurity there are stabilized.
We
will envisage the various routes beyond and the final destinations. We will
only mention the railroad connection between Asia and Europe using the
trans-Siberian railroad and beyond to Hamburg
and Madrid as
a competing alternative. We will also eventually show how backward in that
field of container maritime commerce the USA
are, backward as compared to the world and absent from the Indian Ocean and the
China Seas as an actor in that container
maritime commerce.
We
will then move to the various organizations that have direct interests in the
development of this hub and spoke network of maritime connections and routes in
the Indian Ocean. But this will lead to the
security problem to manage the movements of the ships (to avoid flags of
convenience) and the various trafficking activities that are to be contained
(human trafficking; smuggling weapons, military equipment and various goods;
and criminal activities of any other type) with the challenge of who can do it
and how. We will then see clearly the stake attached to the re-emergence of
human trafficking and slavery in this vast area.
This security problem is
central due to piracy and trafficking. Digitalized satellite surveillance will
have to be set up for the whole Indian Ocean.
What role will the USA and
Europe play now the New Silk Road with the Silk Railway from China to Germany
reached Spain on December 9,
2014, and the maritime Silk Road has reached Western
Europe for some time already? The Chinese are taking contacts in Afghanistan to open, after the departure of the
Americans, the link between Kazakhstan
and Gwadar harbor, Pakistan.
China Harbor Engineering Company Ltd and other Chinese companies are involved
in harbor equipment and railroad development all around the Indian
Ocean.
Our
general hypothesis is that the present evolution is the refoundation of what
existed up to 1433 and the Indian Ocean is
becoming again the center of the world’s maritime commerce, under the strong
pioneering leadership of the Chinese so far
File Size: 4511 KB
Print Length: 269 pages
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Publisher: Editions La Dondaine; 1 edition (January 21,
2016)
Publication Date: January 21, 2016
Sold by: Amazon Digital Services, Inc.
Language: English
ASIN: B01AY2H0JC
Word Wise: Enabled
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# posted by Dr. Jacques COULARDEAU @ 1:01 PM